Decision to Move into an International Market - 605 Words

Terms and Definitions Upon a company making the decision to move into an international market there are many economic terms, definitions and laws that are to be researched and understood. While there are lots of terms and definitions, five of these terms include: multinational corporations, economies of scale, imports and exports as part of GDP, foreign exchange market and exchange rates and marginal rate of transformation. Each definition will be researched and defined below and their importance to a company going global will be discussed. Multinational Corporations A multinational corporation or a â€Å"MNC† can be defined as a company operating in at least one other country besides its home country. A MNC can be a closed system, in which it produces within said country and sells to that country only. Most MNC’s, though, are open systems in which they produce in one country and sell to another. MNC’s are driven by the law of supply and demand. Supply and demand affect open systems differently as labor is in one country and the selling of products in another and the cycle of products is on a much larger scale. A company looking to become international, if incorporated, will become a multinational corporation. II. Economies of Scale A. Factors that cause the cost of producing something to fall as the scale of its output increases are known as economies of scale. An example is it might cost $5000 to produce 200 copies of a book but only $6000 to produceShow MoreRelatedThe General Impact of Management in International Business1075 Words   |  5 PagesNowadays the international trade has a considerable extension; the exchange of goods, services, and natural resources is making in all over the world. Transportation and communication become quicker with the precious aid of the new technology. Often, several companies move from their native country to another one. The world is seen now as a global market where a diversity of societies is appealed to deal together. So, the management must from now on be considered in larger sense as several countriesRead MoreSelling Through Wholesaler Costs A More1242 Words   |  5 Pagesin the shops for long time. (Johansson, 1997) Hilfiger should use the direct selling approach in case of Dubai market. It will reduce their risk of not selling product or extra cost of warehousing. The Channel Should be like: Hilfiger . Industrial buyer Since Hilfiger want to Dubai. Hilfiger has option to go for agent or go for the wholesaler. But we see if it move on for the more steps then it will cost more. So, reducing the steps only to Hilfiger to Industrial buyer of DubaiRead MoreThe International Industrial And Financial Business Structure1449 Words   |  6 Pagesadvancing world, global economic development has become a common public good. A concept driven by global economic trade, globalisation can be defined by actions of development, investment, technological advancement and global communication. The ‘international industrial and financial business structure’ of globalisation has provided foreign economic opportunities of investment. Through adopting adapted versions of globalisation, some developed nations such as the United States has seen continued successRead MoreCurrent Sales Phase And Approach Within Labconnect1592 Words   |  7 Pagesthis write-up and summary is to provide history and relevant detai ls of the current sales phase and approach within LabConnect. The middle market sales team wants to provide UPS leadership insight of the obstacles LabConnect faces. In addition, how is are currently working to deliver UPS customized solutions for LabConnect for managing domestic and international clinical trials. As UPSers first and most importantly, we want what is best for our customer. However, below the surface more obstaclesRead MoreRuths Chris Steakhouse Case Study1234 Words   |  5 Pagesbusiness through both company-owned and franchised locations, including expansion of its global business. While the company already had successful operations in 10 international locations, including Canada, Mexico, Taiwan, and Hong Kong, Dan Hannah, vice president of business development, felt that the addition of new global markets would help the company reach its expansion goals. However, Hannah faced a variety of issues and roadblocks along the way to meeting these goals. In the fo llowing analysisRead MoreBurger King Case Study Solution1222 Words   |  5 PagesThere is no â€Å"one-size-fits-all† theory for picking international operating locations. This is because ______. Each company has a unique product line, competitive position, resources, and strategy.* We seldom find international competitors operating in close proximity to each other in foreign markets. There is a good comprehensive theory on choosing the best location that applies to all companies. There is a good general consensus among them on what constitutes dangerous political stability. 2. AllRead MoreSetting Export Prices with a Marketing View1084 Words   |  5 PagesSetting export prices with a marketing view Price is the only one of the 4 P s that produces revenues. Set the right price is fundamental as pricing for the foreign market is more complex than in the home market. Exporter must decide whether its exported product price will be higher, at the same level or lower than in the domestic market. Too often, in fact, companies forget to think about the customers and define prices just looking at the production costs. This behaviour is likely to drive a companyRead MoreInternational Advertising : Theory And Approach925 Words   |  4 PagesInternational Advertising: Theory Approach International advertising is becoming more complex due to the varieties in both the theoretical approach and application. is a complex concept that varies drastically in both theoretical approach and application. The emerging global consumer culture is affecting international marketing theories and in return, international promotional mix decisions. American culture is dominating the global markets due to the use and application of international advertisingRead MoreCarrefour: Abandoning Russia1109 Words   |  5 Pagesand is a setback for international retail development in Russia. Carrefour’s group sales resulted in a 2.9% drop for the 3rd quarter of 2009. The strongest sales decline comes from the companies operations in Europe. The only regions that resulted in positive growth were Asia, with sales growth by 5.1% and Latin America with a 5.3% growth. Carrefour says that the lack of organic growth prospects and acquisition opportunities in the short and medium term is behind its decision to withdrawal from RussiaRead MoreGoogle in China Case Analysis1592 Words   |  7 PagesInc. and the Chinese government to allow their citizens access to Chinese version of Google.com (Google.cn) ââ€" ª Google looking at vast business opportunities in China as a long-term strategy. Due to its population size and market potential, China has become an attractive market for many U.S. and multinational companies ââ€" ª In order to establish a presence in China, Google had to agree to allow Chinese government to censor access to certain sites ââ€" ª Google take great satisfaction in being different

Eight Steps Of Selling Your Home Essay - 1241 Words

Eight Steps to Selling your home Eight steps to selling your home Define your needs. Write down all the reasons for selling your home. Ask yourself, â€Å"Why do I want to sell and what do I expect to accomplish with the sale?† For example, a growing family may prompt your need for a larger home, or a job opportunity in another city may necessitate a move. For your goals, write down if you’d like to sell your house within a certain time frame or make a particular profit margin. Work with your real estate agent to map out the best path to achieve your objectives and set a realistic time frame for the sale. Name your price. Your next objective should be to determine the best possible selling price for your house. Setting a fair asking price from the outset will generate the most activity from other real estate agents and buyers. You will need to take into account the condition of your home, what comparable homes in your neighborhood are selling for, and state of the overall market in your area. It’s often difficult to remain unbiased when putting a price on your home, so your real estate agent’s expertise is invaluable at this step. Your agent will know what comparable homes are selling for in your neighborhood and the average time those homes are sitting on the market. If you want a truly objective opinion about the price of your home, you could have an appraisal done. This typically costs a few hundred dollars. Remember: You’re always better off setting a fair market valueShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Coos Bay, Oregon Area938 Words   |  4 PagesGoal: to write a blog post about what to do before selling a home in the Coos Bay, Oregon area Total Word Count In This Document: 917 Title: ?Trouble In Paradise? Eight Steps To Take Before Selling Your Coos Bay Home? Are you considering or planning to sell your home in the Coos Bay, Oregon area? Are you overwhelmed with the long, complicated, and arduous process that is selling your home? Is this your first time selling your home and you don?t know what to do? Fortunately, Beach Loop RealtyRead MoreSample Resume : Beach Loop Realty897 Words   |  4 Pagesconsidering or planning to sell your home in the Coos Bay, Oregon area? Are you overwhelmed with the long, complicated, and arduous process that is selling your home? Is this your first time selling your home and you don’t know what to do? Fortunately, Beach Loop Realty, located in Bandon, Oregon, is here to help. If you’re having trouble selling your Coos Bay, Oregon home and don’t know what to do, then here are the eight steps you need to take before selling your home in order to make the processRead MoreBuilding the Bridge as You Walk on It:1448 Words   |  6 Pageshave experienced deep change, this book illustrates how deep change and entering the fundamental state of leadership improves relationships not only at the workplace but also at home and with one’s self.    How to transform your organization by transforming yourself When it was first published, Robert Quinn’s best-selling book Deep Change revealed that anyone can become a leader of change, but to do so requires the transformation of self. The book struck a chord with thousands, and inspired readersRead MoreThe Effects Of Unlawful Selling Of Organs Essay1744 Words   |  7 PagesJames Lind ENG-106 Monday, January 18, 2016 Mrs. Brownlee The effects of Unlawful Selling of Organs in America Our current transplant regimen is a qualified failure. Transplant operations have been basically flat for the last eight years. In 2013, over 4300 people died while waiting and about 3000 were permanently removed from the queue because they developed a medical condition that precluded transplant.1 â€Å"Twenty-seven years ago, the average wait for a deceased-donor kidney in the United StatesRead MoreResponding to Legal Issues in Mental Health Essay1645 Words   |  7 Pagesis anxious and admits to smoking and selling marijuana only when the child is asleep. She is resistant when offered other ways to relax and she says that her drug use is only temporary at 3 times per week so far. 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I will look into the following areas: WhatRead MoreSilvio Napoli at Schindler India820 Words   |  4 PagesQuestions: „X Evaluate the logic of Silvio Napoli s strategy for selling standardized elevators in India. „X What should Silvio do about the order for non-standard elevators? To understand Silvio Napoli s strategy for selling standardized elevators in India, let us first take a look at the Indian markets using the CAGE framework: Culture Economic - Sensitivity of Indian employees to organizational power and relationships - Different management styles of Indian managers  ¡V friendlyRead MoreHow Lean Manufacturing Helps Produce High Output With Low Inventory1617 Words   |  7 Pageswas originally known as the Toyota production system invented by Sakichi Toyoda. The whole purpose is to lower waste and increase profit and output. This paper will discuss the history of lean manufacturing Lean manufacturing and the transition and steps involved with Just-In-time manufacturing. 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Engineering Skills for Cooperation and Innovation- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theEngineering Skills for Cooperation and Innovation. Answer: Introduction The purpose of the topic is to state that how the leaders of engineering demonstrate their leadership qualities. The examples of the two eminent leaders are being taken into account that has proved them quite fit for the tasks they did. The engineering strategies they followed in the field of acceptance, cooperation and innovation. These are the important elements that have been taken into account while addressing the key skills of the engineers. Another most important objective that needs to be addressed is the communication based strategy with the team members. A project leader of a company needs to develop a communication plan in order to communicate the various strategies and skills to the other team members working in the different time zones. Thus, these are basic skills that an engineer leader must develop in order to fulfill a successful group project. Examples of Engineering leaders and their strategies Acceptance of risks and failures and making staffs learn Jessica McKeller from MIT followed certain important strategies to meet up the risks and failures by making the staffs learn about it. Jessica Mckeller believed in the strategy of Risk Assessment (Brown, 2012). It is the responsibility of the leader to search for any solution to cure them. This incorporates indicating the hazards which are potential in nature and pointing out the ways it could harm people. Even if the project goes awry, the leader must encourage the team workers for pointing out the problems and reduce them in the next projects. The major strategy in this case which was followed by Jessica Mckeller is that trying to maintain a balance of cooperation between the less experiences engineers and more experiences engineers (Brown, 2012). Opportunities were built which are truly bi directional. With the implementation of the balance, the new engineers generally do not tend to accept the things which are broken and good engineers believe in maintaining discipline and work o n the failed projects. Steve Jobs, the founder of the apple company, never felt like the CEO of the company should not believe in the changing of the products are to be done frequently; it says that a company is not thinking enough about the change in product and the community, this would led to the failure of the projects. According to Steve Jobs, risk is regarded to be uncomfortable (Goetsch, Davis, 2014) However, when the leaders start encouraging the dreams, the workers under the leaders start getting inspirations. The progresses are always not regarded to be linear. Bumps would be there along the way. The engineering strategies followed by the leader where the leader needs to be quite transparent in giving the feedbacks. According to Jobs, risk assessment should be done in such a way that it points out the types of bumps in front of the success of the projects (Issacson, 2012). Steve Jobs was never afraid to take risks and by following certain strategies, he was confident enough to accept the failure s and encourage the staffs to do their works accordingly. Building Teams and Retaining Innovators According to Jessica Mckeller, an engineer leader must have ideas about peoples daily and yearly strategies. A responsibility of the leader is to shape their experience. This incorporates meeting the new people on a daily basis and wages an interaction with them. In order to build a winning team, a good engineering leader at fist needs to know about the action plan (Goetsch, Davis 2014) The action would further encourage the leaders to give inspirations to the staffs and make them aware about the workings of the project. The action plans are needed to be communicated efficiently to the staffs. Jessica Mckeller while writing a code for a project made the staffs understand about its importance and made built a team. The local experts were also built in the team who has ideas to guide the discussions based on architecture (Goetsch, Davis 2014; Kirschenman, 2012). With the success of the project, the team would eventually attract the innovators and give encouragement to the existing in novators to work for the company, where they can be able to prove their qualities. Steve Jobs, always looked forward to build up a winning team. Jobs followed the strategy where the members while working together, would keep the negative attitude in check for each other. This had enabled the company more to achieve successful requirements of an industry (Issacson, 2012). In the technique lines, the team needs to be aware of the coding and decoding. Proper implementation of the coding and decoding procedures, would lead to the development of a good team work. In order to retain the innovators, the leader needs to have ideas about the changing demand of the people and accordingly such team members would be encouraged enough to contribute in the field of innovations (Issacson, 2012). The success of such innovations would lead to the retaining of such innovators in the company. Passion for Mission Jessica McKeller believed in a better team work where a balance could be maintained between the staff members. Under a hopeful leader, it should be feasible enough to respond to the construction of the project (Rajilich, 2013; Downing, 2012). In that case Jessica believed in the motivation that needs to be rendered to the working staffs of the company in order to face the challenges boldly. For the successful running of the business, the passion to cooperate with each other, sharing information with the staffs, thinking better for the running of the company and a changed individual must carry the responsibility to take care of the passion or motto of the successful running of the company (Rajilich, 2013). The engineer leader also believes in having an independent coach who could encourage the workers in the technical lines to develop skills and also encourage contributions. Steve Jobs believe that people who are having the passion carry the capacity to bring changes in the world. It is the secret of success to entrepreneurship. Steve Jobs described that Apple believes in the core value that people having passion can bring transformation in the world. Therefore, it is the responsibility of the engineer leaders to build confidence of the staff and encourage them to achieve mission properly (Blank, 2013). Setting up communication plan through Video Conferencing Reaching the key audiences: For the Project called Hytrants, the different team members are being allocated in the different time zones. Therefore in order to reach them, video conferencing would be the best option to discuss about the subject matter of the projects (Miklos et al., 2016; Furht, 2012). Indentifying the key messages: The key messages have to be discussed with the team members regarding the objectives and further improvements to bring in the aims of the project. The key audiences over here are the project members who are working on the particular project. Framing out a strategic outreach goal: The messages for the project have to be carried out by the video conferencing. Video conferencing is a modern way to reach the key audiences residing in the different time zones (Miklos et al., 2016; Furht, 2012). Chalking out the materials: The materials for the video conferencing need to be developed which gives the detailed description of the project. This needs to be carried out more efficiently. The communicator needs to specify the points that are needed to be discussed with the key audiences of the project work and how the project would gradually benefit the audiences accordingly. A timeline has to be specified: The team members who are residing in the different time zones, it is important to coordinate with them and set up a timeline which would make the members available to carry out the effective mode of communication. A timeline of a country might not match the timeline of another country. Therefore, it is important to take into notice the different modes of timelines and set a particular time line framework in order to carry out the work (Miklos et al., 2016; Furht, 2012). Communicating the results: It is important to consider the communication with the key members after the research work of the project is completed. This communication template is different from the traditional template on the basis of telephonic and email. The detailed communication through the process of email becomes difficult as the team members availability to answer the emails are not being possible. Therefore, the team members found it difficult in the dispersed project to carry out a detailed conversation through the email system. The only change that has been made in terms of drafting communication plan is the mode of communication and other than that the presentation of the materials and the approaches other than the subject matter remained the same (Miklos et al., 2016; Furht, 2012). A face to face conversation A face to face conversation makes easier to sense what a person is thinking actually. It becomes easier for the person to reflect on the ways of thinking about the project. The face to face communication creates a bond between the communicator and the team member which would build a trust in each other regarding the working of the project. A face to face conversation would enable the speakers to learn about the difficulties involved in the project works. A face to face understanding helps to come up with the important strategies about the project (Dunkan Fiske, 2015; Ekmen, Friesen Elseworth, 2013). If meeting in person in a team is not possible then a leader must allocate a time and do video conferencing to make the communication strategy easier to carry out. Other than this, contacting the person through social networking sites is also the easier way to communicate with the person in terms of project (Chang, 2012). References Blank, S. (2013). Why the lean start-up changes everything.Harvard business review,91(5), 63-72. Brown, A. (Ed.). (2012).The architecture of open source applications, volume ii(Vol. 2). Kristian Hermansen, 120-124. Chang, C. S. (2012).Performance guarantees in communication networks. Springer Science Business Media, 135-137 Downing, D. L. (Ed.). (2012).Processed apple products. Springer Science Business Media, 777-780 Duncan, S., Fiske, D. W. (2015).Face-to-face interaction: Research, methods, and theory(Vol. 3). Routledge, 31-33 Ekman, P., Friesen, W. V., Ellsworth, P. (2013).Emotion in the human face: Guidelines for research and an integration of findings. Elsevier,79-80 Furht, B., Smoliar, S. W., Zhang, H. (2012).Video and image processing in multimedia systems(Vol. 326). Springer Science Business Media, 110-120 Goetsch, D. L., Davis, S. B. (2014).Quality management for organizational excellence. Upper Saddle River, NJ: pearson, 220-227 Isaacson, W. (2012). The real leadership lessons of Steve Jobs.Harvard business review,90(4), 92-102. Kirschenman, M. D., Fasano, A. (2012). Developing engineering leaders.Leadership and Management in Engineering,12(3), 189-191. MIKLOS, B., Proskurnia, J., Pueyo, L. G., Cartright, M. A., Kaufmann, T., Krka, I. (2016).U.S. Patent Application No. 14/986,644. Rajlich, V. (2013, May). Teaching developer skills in the first software engineering course. InProceedings of the 2013 International Conference on Software Engineering(pp. 1109-1116). IEEE Press.

Todays hip hop Essay Example For Students

Todays hip hop Essay What is hip hop and is it influnceing listeners to condone violence and drugs. First off to set the record straight, this is the truth nothing outside of this is trueand if you agree great if you dont agree thats your bad. But I am tired of people saying Ilisten to hip hop, stupid you cant listen to hip hop. Can you listen to the 70s NO youcan listen to the music of the 70s. That was a period of time, a generation, a culture. HipHop is all of these things. What is hip hop? Hip Hop is everything, and nothing at thesametime. Hip Hop is a not a genre and shouldnt be categorized as such. I see countlesssearch engine after search engine and big business after buisness that looks down on theculture and sees it only as a music type. We are not that. Hip Hop is more. It is notrap/Hip Hop. Rap is a part of hip hop. It is some of the music that comes out of hip hop. We will write a custom essay on Todays hip hop specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now There have been M.C.s since before hip hop. Hip Hop brought emcees that perfected thisart. Hip Hop is first people only see rap, r;b, and the other musics as Hip Hop; whenthese are only part of Hip Hop. Hip Hop is a feeling. You feel it everywhere, youre at aparty and you hear that beat in your head, the tingle in your arm, and that feeling you getto jump out and say hey shorty whutz ya name? thats Hip Hop. Enough of the poetic disjustice. Hip Hop is not just a black thing. Yes I am black. Yesblacks created Hip Hop. Yes blacks perfected Hip Hop. Yet the people who lead the wayto hip hop were not racists. And if you believe great men like Martin Luther King Jr., whofought for equality would want his decendants fighting over an area of equality, You areMISTAKEN! Hip Hop is large and is growing now lets prove that to the world. Dont fight over to whom it belongs and dont let it become catogorized as just a fad ofmusic. Please dont let them look down on us with prejudgice as a bunch of b ad influencedrug dealers and gangsta rap wanna bes because we are more than this. We are hip hop. Let it just consume you. Its unexplanitory, how I gets sic lifted higher than a hundred stories; I take abeer and I guzzle it, Im speakin so shut your mouth and muzzle it; smokin els and rollinreefer, Ill get you more fucked up than a can of ether; so beautiful when I light it up, andthen I cup my hands when I fire it up. Wax of ESMob, Lil Ass Playa (Losee 1995) Lines much like these are not uncommon in todays rap music. Many artists areintegrating the subject of drug use into their songs. This combination can be found onmany of the Top 40 and Billboard charts; music such as this has become acceptable andmainstream, especially to younger listeners. In the late 1970s and early to mid-1980s, thepresence of drugs in rap music was non-existent. If rappers talked about drugs, theyadvocated against them. The rap classic, White Lines, by Grandmaster Melle Mel,educated listeners about the dangers of drug use and drug abuse. Drugs were notacceptable in rap music such as they are today. If an artist even mentioned marijuana orany of its thousands of synonyms, the media and the listeners reacted in shock. In themid-1980s, rapper Run of Run DMC claimed, I keep a bag of cheeba inside my locker(Ro 1996, p. 73). Even this single sentence produced shock waves. From R;Bs BrownSugar, by DAngelo, to Cypress Hills Hits From the Bong and Method Man andRedmans How High, all angles of rap music have seemed to blend drug use and music. It has become agreeable to mix these things; all three of these songs were higher thannumber ten on the Billboard music charts. It is possible to go to any club in any major cityand see hundreds of teens bouncing around and bobbing their heads to this music. Notonly do they dance to it, but most could recite all the lyrics as they take a hit of a joint. It is almost impossible to challenge any artist about their choice of words. Most take noblame; they will fault the system, society, or even their peers. Many artists say that theycannot write their chart-topping music without first smoking a spliff (Waxenberg 1995). .u6923344bd8d9894182a0a49bb2519737 , .u6923344bd8d9894182a0a49bb2519737 .postImageUrl , .u6923344bd8d9894182a0a49bb2519737 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u6923344bd8d9894182a0a49bb2519737 , .u6923344bd8d9894182a0a49bb2519737:hover , .u6923344bd8d9894182a0a49bb2519737:visited , .u6923344bd8d9894182a0a49bb2519737:active { border:0!important; } .u6923344bd8d9894182a0a49bb2519737 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u6923344bd8d9894182a0a49bb2519737 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u6923344bd8d9894182a0a49bb2519737:active , .u6923344bd8d9894182a0a49bb2519737:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u6923344bd8d9894182a0a49bb2519737 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u6923344bd8d9894182a0a49bb2519737 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u6923344bd8d9894182a0a49bb2519737 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u6923344bd8d9894182a0a49bb2519737 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6923344bd8d9894182a0a49bb2519737:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u6923344bd8d9894182a0a49bb2519737 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u6923344bd8d9894182a0a49bb2519737 .u6923344bd8d9894182a0a49bb2519737-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u6923344bd8d9894182a0a49bb2519737:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Unredeemed Captive EssayPlatinum-selling artist Method Man says, I cant just smoke some regular weed and write,cause regular weed dont . . . do nothing for your thoughts. But when I smoke someheadbanger boogie, some of that . . . Hawaiian, I be writin super, crazy, ill bombs (Smith1995). This is an almost customary answer given by artists. In almost the same words ofMethod Man, rapper Lc of ESMob says, If I dont smoke a blizzee, my words come outall plain. But if I smoke one of them fat, super-dooper hooties, Ill write some crazy,psycho rhymes (Waxenberg 1995). Most artists will simply ignore responsibility andclaim that it is simply freedom of speech. If one is able t o talk to an artist seriously (mostof the time off the record), he will admit that drug abuse is plaguing society and creatingself-destruction. It is easy to question a rap artist about his or her sayings, but whathappens when a group named Tha Alkaholiks sells over 500,000 copies of their album? Itis simple to quickly jump to conclusions and say that they have a lot of problems and thatthey are poisoning listeners. However, Tha Alkaholiks producer, E-Swift, says that he isaware that the name may be exploiting a widespread, deadly disease. He quickly comes tothe groups defense offering: We dont drink to the point where we gotta see doctors or no shit like that. Wecoulda sic turned it into a gimmick, dressing all bummy, always in the same clothes, andcarrying a forty but we didnt. Were aware that alcoholism is a serious problem. Butalcohol isnt only in hip hop. You see it everywhere you go (Ro 1996, p. 74). This is seemingly a weak defense, but Swift has a point. At any time of the day, anyonecan turn on the television and see someone drinking a martini or mixing a daiquiri. If aproblem arises, someone will fix a drink. All over every city we see bars and restaurantspromoting happy hours. When questioned, most people cannot remember the last timethey were at an alcohol-free party. Brett Orsak, an executive producer at The DallasCo-nec-con Records, says, What is a party without a beer or a bottle? I dont think Ivebeen to a party without alcohol since my twelfth birthday (Waxenberg 1996). It seems asthough most rappers are not lying when singing about smoking a blunt and taking ajoyride (Losee 1995). However, it is evident that most artists do not drink twenty fortiesper night. Lc says, Yeah, I like to get drunk. Who doesnt? But when Im talkin aboutdrinking a whole keg, thats obviously bullshit. No one does that. I may have a forty ortwo, but thats it (Waxenberg 1995). Many artists state that it is simply a state of mind. Swift says that he used to have a drinking problem. He claims that he probably still drinksas much; but that it is a different frame of mind. When author Ronin Ro asked Swift if hewas just an alcoholic in denial, Swift said, You probly sic right. But am I hurting you oryour family? I dont think so. So mind your own (1996, p. 74) Reverend Calvin Butts andC. Dolores Tucker, both advocates against rap music, would most likely disagree. Buttsand Tucker claim that even mentioning such things as drug abuse have an effect on younglisteners. This is, however, a debatable issue. Many patrons against rap music claim thatthe artists are promoting drug use and drug abuse. This allegation is difficult to deny whenone views the examples. Platinum-selling artist Redman was featured on the cover of HighTimes, lighting a blunt. In this particular issue, Redman wrote an article about how to rolla blunt. Rap groups Cypress Hill, Funkdoobiest, and Total Devastation are all advocatesand promoters of NORM L (National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws). Almost all of their promotional material (posters, t-shirts, etc.) contain pictures ofmarijuana leaves as well. A particular Cypress Hill poster pictures a skull with an afro ofmarijuana leaves smoking a joint. Below the picture are the words, Stoned is the way ofthe walk (Waxenberg 1996). On the album Only Built 4 Cuban Linx, by Raekwon, heis pictured cooking up something resembling crack. Also, on ESMobs first album,Eastatic, an unrolled joint is pictured the rolling paper embossed with the wordEastatic. Inside the cover, behind the disc, there is a picture of baggies of marijuana, astack of bills, a pipe, and a necklace with a marijuana leaf. After seeing such material, it ishard to deny these allegations. One of the best known artists and producers in theindustry, Dr. Dre, has based almost his whole debut album, The Chronic, with drugparaphernalia. The disc itself is completely covered with a drawing of a marijuana leaf. .ufb92a9c0d1bc4eb0a39e1eb7eca188e0 , .ufb92a9c0d1bc4eb0a39e1eb7eca188e0 .postImageUrl , .ufb92a9c0d1bc4eb0a39e1eb7eca188e0 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ufb92a9c0d1bc4eb0a39e1eb7eca188e0 , .ufb92a9c0d1bc4eb0a39e1eb7eca188e0:hover , .ufb92a9c0d1bc4eb0a39e1eb7eca188e0:visited , .ufb92a9c0d1bc4eb0a39e1eb7eca188e0:active { border:0!important; } .ufb92a9c0d1bc4eb0a39e1eb7eca188e0 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ufb92a9c0d1bc4eb0a39e1eb7eca188e0 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ufb92a9c0d1bc4eb0a39e1eb7eca188e0:active , .ufb92a9c0d1bc4eb0a39e1eb7eca188e0:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ufb92a9c0d1bc4eb0a39e1eb7eca188e0 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ufb92a9c0d1bc4eb0a39e1eb7eca188e0 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ufb92a9c0d1bc4eb0a39e1eb7eca188e0 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ufb92a9c0d1bc4eb0a39e1eb7eca188e0 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ufb92a9c0d1bc4eb0a39e1eb7eca188e0:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ufb92a9c0d1bc4eb0a39e1eb7eca188e0 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ufb92a9c0d1bc4eb0a39e1eb7eca188e0 .ufb92a9c0d1bc4eb0a39e1eb7eca188e0-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ufb92a9c0d1bc4eb0a39e1eb7eca188e0:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: How to Write a Diagnostic EssayThe album contains such songs as The Chronic, The $20 Sack Pyramid, HighPowered, and The Roach. When Dre was a member of the breakthrough rap groupN.W.A., he said on one of his songs, I dont smoke weed or sinse, cause it only gives abrother brain damage / And brain damage on the mic dont manage (Ro 1996, p. 76). OnThe Chronic, Dre boasts, Make my bud the chronic, I wants to get fed up (Young1992). There are, however, some groups which advocate against drug use. Most widelyknown is the breakthrough group Public Enemy. Lead singer Chuck D has long beenknown as a positive rapper. He travels to schools and prisons to talk about leading apositive life and staying away from alcohol and drugs. It is quite ironic that Chuckssidekick, Flava Flav, has been arrested more than once for possession of crack cocaine,and is currently in rehabilitation. Chuck says, Glorifying alcohol and drugs is a quietadmission of defeat. But its what folks consider bangin at the moment (Ro 1996, p. 74). Chuck has very strong feelings against the use of drugs. In 1992, he sued St. Ides (amanufacturer of malt liquor) for using a Public Enemy song in a commercial. Chuck says: I seen to many fights behind this . . . Today you have the same situation, butinstead of beating you up, someonell sic run out to their ride and come back with a tool. The problems are accessible ammunition and distortion of reality. When these twocombine, it leads more brothers to the grave . . . In a quiet way, its an admission of defeat. . . but for some of us, our lives arent all bright and sunny (Ro 1996, p. 76). It is difficult to deny that Chuck is right. Drugs are not only creating violence, but theyseem to be destroying our society. To many people, mostly children and teens, the fortyounce is a symbol of manhood, rebellion, ghetto chic even a career choice (Ro 1996,p. 74). It is difficult for many teens to have fun without a forty or a joint. Songs such asTap the Bottle, by Young Black Teenagers, and Make Room/Last Call, by ThaAlkaholiks, do not help this situation at all. Passing a bottle between friends while hangingout at a park is not alcoholism to most teens; but rapper MC Main One says, If you canthang on the corner . . . and chill without a forty being part of the schedule, its definitelythe pre-stages of alcoholism (Ro 1996, p. 74 ). If a kid must have a forty to have fun andto not be bored, there is obviously evidence of a drinking problem. This idea is a problemthat can be blamed to the contents of some rap music and its promotion. It will continue tobe a fact of life that all people, especially Americans, drink alcohol and use drugs. It issomewhat disturbing that these things have the ability to place music atop the charts;however, it may be inevitable. Vibe Magazine reporter Ronin Ro sums up the facts of thissituation by saying, Its entertainment. There are horror movies if you want to feel scared,porno for perverts, and weed rap for smokers (1996, p. 76). The fact is that there willceaselessly be drugs, and there will always be music; these two things somehow willalways find a way to commingle. The best solution may be that the drug problem is solvedand all rap music becomes positive, but a perfect world is impossible. Although this maybe negative, it is true; Americans need to realize this and accept th e music for what it is. BIBLIOGRAPHY Armoudian, Maria. 1994. Beating the Bad Rap. Billboard. 106.48: 48. Ehrlich, Dimitri. 1993. Not Just Blowing Smoke. Rolling Stone. 662: 16. Gold, Jonathan. 1993. Dre Day. Rolling Stone. 666: 40-124. Losee, Matthew, and Ryan W. Waxenberg. 1995. Eastatic. ESMob. Dallas: Do-BoyProductions. Ro, Ronin. 1996. To Be Blunt. Vibe. 4.3: 72-76. Smith, C. 1995. Headbanger Boogie. The Show: The Soundtrack. New York: Def JamMusic Group, Inc. Smith, Danyel. 1993. Party Out of Bounds. Rolling Stone. 669: 64-65. Smith, Danyel. 1994. Positively P.E. Rolling Stone. 685: 30.

How a Pitching Challenge Changed My Freelance Writing Career

by lenkapod | updated Mar 27, 2017 | 16 Comments | sharesThis is new on my blog! I have a guest poster for you today. Her name is Lenka Podzimek and she won $100 in the first pitching challenge I created just for my course participants of Write Your Way to Your First $1k. I put up $100 as a way to motivate students to take action and start pitching, hoping they land their first or next freelance writing client. Lenka is here to tell her story of how much she learned since taking my course and how much confidence she now has as a professional freelance writer. I couldnt believe it! Out of a very talented group of writers, I had actually won the pitching challenge that Elna started for her course students at the beginning of the year. For a month, we tracked the number of pitches we sent, and the person with the highest number won. I ended up sending 50 pitches throughout the month and won the challenge. It was hard work at times, and I didnt pitch every day, but when I did, I made it count. I made a template that was easy to update or customize, and I sent 5 or more pitches on the days that I was pitching. I got into a groove and pretty soon the pitching process became second nature. And it paid off. I landed several new clients, some with recurring gigs, and one really big client, who hired me on for exclusive writing and editing. I didnt start out that way. I Was a Struggling Freelance Writer Let me rewind to a year ago, when I was a struggling freelance writer who hadnt yet seen a penny for her work. I was writing for free to build up my portfolio, and I hadnt been paid for anything. I felt stalled and stagnant, and I was about to throw in the towel thinking I wasnt cut out to be a freelance writer. And then I discovered Elna (through LinkedIn, if youre curious) and her course Write Your Way to Your First $1k. I already knew her course would be different than the other ones out there. I had been reading her blog for a few months and I appreciated the honest, actionable advice that she provides for freelance writers. And she isnt afraid to show real-life examples or point out her own mistakes. So I signed up for her course and then my freelance writing business changed. I landed my first ever paying gig a few days after I started the course and I knew it was because I had implemented some of the actionable and practical advice that Elna offers. And as I went through each of the course modules, I realized I was missing some key factors in my freelance writing business, and that I had been making some BIG mistakes. Here are five things that I learned from this pitching challenge and her course. 1. I Was Looking for Writing Jobs in All the Wrong Places A year ago, I was scouring Craigslist and Guru for writing jobs. And I found a lot of them listed there, but what I didnt know was that these ads were for low-paying writing gigs or content mills. Sure, you can find good writing jobs listed there too, but they are few and far between. In her course, Elna teaches us there are much better ways to search for higher-paid writing gigs. And isnt that what we all want as freelance writers? Here are the types of places I looked for freelance writing clients: Problogger JournalismJobs Indeed Freelance Writing The Write Life Job board Contena (I bought a Pro Membership) 2. I Was Pitching all Wrong In the past, I would answer an ad for a writing gig the same way I would answer a job ad. Read: formal, boring and stuffy. And that is exactly how NOT to pitch a writing gig! I learned from Elnas course that answering an ad for online writing doesnt require a formal cover letter. In fact, the opposite is true. The tone of a writing gig pitch should be conversational and easy to read. But you still need to demonstrate you are a professional and skilled writer, and the course breaks down exactly what you need in your pitch email. There are even templates for pitch letters included so its easy to get started. Your pitch letter is definitely a showcase for your writing talent, so you need to craft it carefully to stand out from the crowd. 3. I Needed a Tribe A year ago, I was a lone ranger. A solitary soul trying this writing thing all on her own. I felt lost and isolated, and just figured that loneliness was part of the deal of being a freelance writer. I did have the company of my three cats, and, dont get me wrongI love my cats, but theyre hardly qualified to give advice or encouragement for my freelance writing career. After signing up for Elnas course, I realized things could be different. There is a whole community of writers out there who support each other and cheer each other on through the daily grind of running your own freelance writing business. I belong to the private Facebook group for course participants and its made up of wonderful writers who are all there to help each other succeed in the best way possible. No question goes unanswered and no post gets ignored. What a great tribe. 4. I Wasnt Writing Proper Blog Posts Sure, I knew you had to be creative and engaging when writing a post, but I didnt know there was actually a proper way to structure the content. Or that there are actual rules to follow when writing a blog post. When I was writing pro bono, I was happily scribbling whatever came to mind and no one told me that blog posts needed a call to action, for example. With Elnas course I learned the correct way to structure a blog post and even how to format the post so it is easily uploaded into the clients content management system. 5. I Didnt Have a Website Well, technically, I still dont. But its in the works. Thats where Im currently at in my freelance writing journeyat the website design stage, because, well, I need one! I have managed to get by with my LinkedIn and Contently profiles, but there comes a time when you need a website to be a credible freelance writer. Its a place to list your services, showcase your portfolio, and even create your own blog. And you can be as creative as you want since you are in full control. I know I have a few special things planned for my own blog! A writer website is a great marketing tool and it can help you attract clients and get writing gigs. Wrapping It Up I gained confidence in myself as a freelance writer, which gave me the courage to join the pitching challenge. And I won, not just the challenge, but at freelance writing. And you can too! Thanks Lenka for your wonderful words of wisdom and praise. And for those interested, Im starting a new pitching challenge in March for all course participants. The winner will receive a free 30-minute coaching call with me. Take it from Lenka, enrolling in the course and joining the private Facebook group can be a game changer in your freelance writing biz. Over to you have you had a chance to look at Write Your Way to Your First $1k?

Signal generators also know as function generator or test oscillator The WritePass Journal

Signal generators also know as function generator or test oscillator ABSTRACT Signal generators also know as function generator or test oscillator ABSTRACTINTRODUCTION ­SIGNAL GENERATOR (Outline and types)ARBITRARY WAVEFORM GENERATORFUNCTION SIGNAL GENERATORDESIGN OF SIGNAL GENERATORSOPERATING PRINCIPLES OF SIGNAL GENERATORFUNCTIONS AND APPLICATIONSVERIFICATIONCHARACTERIZATIONSTRESS AND MARGING TESTINGCONCLUSIONREFERENCESRelated ABSTRACT Signal generators also know as function generator or test oscillator, have come to be more popular and most used testing device for the engineers especially and also for the medical sector. Signal generator delivers an accurate calibrated range. It provides a signal that can be adjusted according to the frequency, output voltage, impendence, waveform and modulation. It has been in existence and they are used in so many ways before time till present. An American inventor Nikola Tesla has conveyed electricity from one location to another in the form of signal and uses the same frequency. This report talks about the overview of a signal generator, how they do function using their applications and also describe to us their operating principles using the direct digital synthesis DDS, their types and designs. The Next page gives you a brief introduction about the early days of signal generator and how they are been used in those days. INTRODUCTION Before the Initiation of this device called signal generator which is around 1906 to 1920 are regarded to be the early days of radio, the only way for testing of new apparatus or electronic instrument was to use another similar device to create the signal, which was the case of new tools and modulation format in radio. During that time, this basic method of testing worked excellently with minimum percentage errors, but problem arises when there is a circumstance whereby they might be diverse devices under test. To solve this problem, there must be need for so many reference devices. One radio’s was picked which was used as a performance parameter and was measured which was now used as the standard or â€Å"golden radio† as it has been called. Even if they are expensive,   a regular change in their functioning features either during a short time as a result of warming up or during a long time as an effect of continued use, and for this reason their will be reduction in their accuracy. The need for signal generator that can effectively used to test devices as the field of engineers must be to reduce this flow. However, we are going to explain the device â€Å"signal generator† in this report and also we will discuss about the operating principles, and also the things I have already mention in the abstract area. In this next page, we will be looking at the overview of this device signal generator.  ­SIGNAL GENERATOR (Outline and types) A signal generator also called a function generator or a text signal generator is an electronic device designed to perform a variety of operations which includes band pass filter characteristics, the response of amplifiers to frequency or fault tracing in many electronic equipment and circuits. â€Å"Signal generator is a tool widely used in fields such as industrial electronic instrumentation, medicine, production, communication and research†, (Alloca and Stuart, 1983). A signal generator is the stimulus source that pairs with an acquisition instrument to create the two elements of a complete measurement solution. In its various configurations, signal generator can provide stimulus signals in the form of analog waveforms, digital data patterns, modulation, noise and it may add known, repeatable amount and types of error (distortion) to the signal it delivers. Signal generator can produce the most types of waveforms or signal which are square waves, sine waves and triangular waves over a wide range of frequency. Coombs, (1972) declares that the frequency range of a signal generator maybe less than 1Hzto at least 1MHz. Some other type of signal generators, have the ability to produce pulse, trapezoid and ramp waveforms including the ones mention above. Therefore, there are many types of signal generator designed to a variety of uses which has much possible application meaning that one particular type of signal generator may not be suitable for all pur poses. Here are the two main type of signal generator Arbitrary waveform generator Function signal generator Below is a picture example of a typical function generator: ARBITRARY WAVEFORM GENERATOR Arbitrary waveform generators (AWG) are complicated playback system that delivers waveforms based on stored digital data that describes the regularly changing voltage levels of an AC signal. The arbitrary waveform generator can produce any kind of waveform you can think of. You can use many methods to create the needed output (from mathematical formulae to drawing the waveform). FUNCTION SIGNAL GENERATOR Function generators are more simple compare to arbitrary waveform generator. They generate simple signal in wave form and this signals are been produce by a circuit which creates the repeating wave which is usually a sine wave. They are most often use in process of designing or repair simples electronics. DESIGN OF SIGNAL GENERATORS Before the modern waveform generators were initiated, analog was the mode of operation. In some industries, analog refers both to the circuit technique used to generate signals and to the signal themselves. Functionality, economic feasible, and types of waveform needed have really change the design of signal generator in period of times, although the traditional analog signal generators still exist till date. The analog is a means to represent a material measure, for instance an indicator on a current meter (regulator), by a quantity whose measurement is known. Such measurements, do not really give the accurate result of a particular tool or device under test, as they are prone to having drifts in their working parts. Most modern signal generators are based on the digital technologies such as the modern function generators which uses a technology known as Direct Digital Synthesis (DDS) which are able to provide a wide range of signal or waveform. The DDS device are more like to generate analog signals via creating a digital output signal that is continuously pulsed by a clock signal and at last translating the digital signal to form an analog signal. Below is the experimental diagram of this process. The Method above, illustrate that the input is supplied into the 8bit counter which evaluate the input with an analog, (Q5 to Q0). The matching analog now is been verified with an already stored address which is the ROM (Read Only Memory) 256 x 8. As the counter cycles through the 256 different addresses, which the ROM has for each analog, the ROM counter now picks out a digital value corresponding to that address which sequentially represents the input. This information is then processed and outputs the 256 data points to the DAC (Digital to Analog Converter) which is the 8bit converter. The analog signal obtain is then shown as a waveform. An example of a generator that uses this method illustrated above is the 20MHz sweep function generator from BK Precision (model 4040DDS) image is shown below. According to BK Precision (2010), this sweep generator is a full featured DDS generator, the unit generate superb quality waveforms with a high signal precision and stability and it provides sine and square wave outputs over the frequency range from 0.1Hz to 20 MHz in one extended range. Most of the DDS generator today are dedicated instrument, simple and comfortable, and are at low cost from a few tens of dollars to tens of thousand of dollars. In the next section, we are going to look at how this device operates. OPERATING PRINCIPLES OF SIGNAL GENERATOR In this 21st century, most of the modern function generators use Direct Digital Synthesis (DDS) technology to generate output wave forms. BK Precision sweep function generator (model 4040DDS) happens to be among one of this generators. This section describes how DDS technology works. There are two fundamental ideas of DDS technology which includes: Producing an arbitrary waveform that can be in various waveforms or not assigned a particular value from a periodic ramp signals. Producing a digital ramp. First, consider producing wave function that can be in various waveforms or not assigned a particular value from a periodic ramp signal. To make this explanation more simple and understandable, imagine the ramp period (t) is greater than or equal to 0s (t ≠¥ 0), then lets call the recurring ramp function R(t) as shown in the diagram below. This ramp function R(t) as shown in figure 1 differs linearly or oscillate between 0 and 1 with period T. Now, suppose their is a new function F(t) that is defined on the interval 0≠¤ t ≠¥1, in mathematical terminology, the domain of the function which is the values assigned to the independent variables of F(t) is the half-closed interval. Imagine to construct another wave function of period T which is similar to R(t) with the shape of F(t) and assuming again that the period is 4s using the diagram shown in figure 4, we will notice that as the time increases from t0 to t4, which is equal to one period, there is a sequence which implies that their will be a gradual rise in the function until t4, therefore calculating the corresponding value of each time and removing the integer part of it. For instance, tn=  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ . The calculation for t0 to t8 is shown in the table below using the figure 4 diagram. The illustration shows that there is a rise in the time value, in the sense that when one period is reach, it will start over again until another period is reached. This is how it works continuously for the defined time interval. This means that it resets after each successive cycle. On the other hand, the resetting of the time interval is carried out by a phase accumulator which is the first time interval that is the t1 = frequency. In the above example, the waveform that was created has a frequency of 0.25Hz and a phase angle of 90  that means the frequency is x360 As BK precision (2010) guild book instruct that to produce a digital ramp, as an alternative of increasing the time intervals by 1s, let the increment be in terms of ÃŽ ±, the phase angle, by the digital clock and for an N-bit counter, it will count from 0 to 2N – 1, then reset to 0 again. For example, let the value of be N = 4, which will be (24), therefore the counter result is 16 bits. When a signal is received, it will only match up to one of the bits frequencies and the waveform of that frequency will be generated. Lastly, the generated waveform might be displayed as a square or triangular signal using the control buttons on the device. This is made possible by including an operating amplifier (op-amp) in the circuit. Assume the received input signal was a sine wave, it can be converted to a square waveform; an op-amp acts as a comparator that gives and output signal of â€Å"1† only when the amplitude of the sine wave is greater than 0 and a â€Å"-1† when the amplitude is less than 0. According to Floyd (2009), this change was essential because digital data processing and transmission can be more effective and dependable than analog data and it’s of advantage when data storage is needed. FUNCTIONS AND APPLICATIONS Signal generators have hundreds of different applications and function that are suited for variety of use in many fields but in electronics measurement context, they fall into three basic types: Verifications Characterization Stress and margin testing VERIFICATION In the world of electronic and technologies, wireless equipment designers that are building new transmitter and receiver hardware must stimulate baseband I and Q signals (with or without impairments), to verify some wireless standards, a high performance arbitrary waveform generators can provide the needed low-distortion, high-resolution signals at rates up to 1GB/secs. CHARACTERIZATION This is a state whereby the newly developed digital to Analog converter (DAC) and the Analog to digital converters (ADC) must be systematically tested to determine their limits of undeviating, distortion and so on. STRESS AND MARGING TESTING Advanced signal generators, save the engineers hours of calculation by providing efficient built- in jitter editing and generation tools because engineers that works with the serial data stream architectures; commonly used in digital communications buses and disk drive amplifiers, need to stress their devices with impairment especially jitter and timing violations so engineers must characterize their emerging designs to ensure that the new hardware meets design specifications across the full range of operation and more. However, using this device, much difficulty in electronics and also field like the medicine can now be resolute easily.   To design an assorted signal and a high speed low filter data, an arbitrary waveform generator can be used. They are specifically design for it. Radio frequency signals are used to achieve tests on radio transmitters and receivers. (Theraja and Thereja, 1959)   Signal generators that are connected to oscilloscopes can be use in testing faults in electronic equipment and devices. In telecommunications today phones functions using signals, for example: the process, transmit and receive data. Devices for example: digital X-ray appliances, brain mapping system and advanced cardiology uses signal in most medical field today. CONCLUSION The modern DDS generators have some advantages and disadvantages of it depict that they help in solving solutions in various fields. Describing about the advantages of DDS, you discover that their frequency is tuneable with sub-Hertz resolution; their phase angle is digitally adjustable, as long as the clock is stable, they don’t go with the flow due to temperature changes or aging of components, addition of arbitrary waveform generator is not theoretically difficult and lastly they have simple design and low parts count which help to keep cost down. However, describing the disadvantages of this machine has to do with the negative aspect which is their output frequency is ≠¤  ½ the clock frequency, their amplitude is also fixed that is; they need external circuitry to change, sine wave is sampled and not spectrally pure; distortion is present at that moment. But this disadvantages, does not cost more harm the technology is still the best and with more careful design in future, these advantages can me minimized. REFERENCES Floyd, L. (1977) Digital Fundamentals. 10th Edn. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Education Ifeachor, E. and Jervis, B. (2002) Digital Signal Processing. A Practical Approach. 2nd Edn. Harlow, England: Pearson Education Hill, A. (2010) What is signal generator? Available at: wisegeek.com/what-is-a-signal-generator.htm (Accessed 15 March 2011.) Nashedky, B. (1996) Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory. 6th Edn. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall. Peterson, D. and BK Precision (2010) Function Generator and Arbitrary Waveform Generators Guidebook. Available at: bkprecision.com/support/downloads/guides/Function_and_Arbitrary_Waveform_Generator_Guidebook/BK-Function-Generator-and-AWG-Guidebook.pdf. (Accessed: 25 March 2011) Alloca, J. and Stuart, A. (1983) Electronic Instrumentation. Reston, Virginia: Prentice-Hall. Crecratf, D. et al (1990) Analogue and Digital Electronics. Great Britain: The Open University Referencec.com (2010) Signal generators. Available at: reference.com/browse/signal+generator (Accessed: 14 April 2011) Theraja, B. And Theraja, A. (1959) A Textbook of Electrical Technology. 23rd Edn. Reprint 2003. Ram Nagar, New Delhi: S. Chand Company Ltd. Coombs, C. (1972) Handbook of Basic Instrumentation. New York: Mc Graw-Hill Yourdictionary.com (2010) Nikola Tesla Biography. Available at: http://biography.yourdictionary.com/nikola-tesla (Accessed 18 April 2011) Tektronics (2008) Signal generator fundamentals Guidebook. Available at: http://circuitslab.case.edu/manuals/Signal_Generator_Fundamentals-_Tektronix.pdf (Accessed 20 April 2011) ZTech Instruments (2010) Waveform Generator Fundamentals. Available at: ztecinstruments.com//applications/waveform-generator-fundamentals.php (Accessed: 6 April 2011)

Ethics in Electronics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Ethics in Electronics - Essay Example In the last few years, electronic engineering ethics have come forward as separate and identifiable fields in applied ethics. Most of the parts and development areas have emerged in USA. Modern electronic engineering declares that engineering ethics involve the part and ways in which an engineer thinks. So, according to this point of view, ethics involve all those activities that are involved within engineering profession. It is a complete process that demands all the technical as well as material knowledge that is not only required but also sufficient for the possible goals. In electronic engineering when we talk about ethics we may see that two attributes play very important role. The first deal with the focus through which activities are carefully associated with the interests of human being. Ethics of engineering practice is generated by shared ideas related to primary activities whether we talk about organizations, designs, constructions or similar terms of the same manner. In 1 994, while talking about ethics related to electronic engineering, Johnson mentioned that electronic ethics include the understanding of societal context in relation to electronics and its designs. These ethics are also important to make students aware about various issues going on especially those professionals indulged in the field of electronic engineering. Moreover, ethics are also developed to make students aware about various sensitive issues while designing electronic devices in their learning process or while working in an organization. Electronic engineering ethics are also developed to give students and professional better understanding about various electronic devices and their usage. These ethics identify the use of devices and how these make impact on society and social environment. Basically, society or social environment is the place where these devices are practically used and implemented. So, ethics prove relation between two. Moreover, ethics in the field of engine ering are also developed to demonstrate the analytical approach and develop conceptual tools for sorting out decisions in various conditions. These ethics further define the impact of electronics in general as well as in specific conditions. However, it is important to understand that engineering ethics do not come or achieve without cost. Many well known ethicists like John Ladd divides electronic engineering ethics into two domains including macro and micro ethics. These divisions of ethics depend on the focus of relationship between engineers and clients or with colleagues and employers. Moreover, these further depend on collective responsibility of profession as a whole. These are known as professional ethics by Ladd. As a whole, we can say that micro ethics deal with the internal issues of the profession whereas macro ethics related to electronic engineering refer the professional attitude and responsibility in broad context including society. Furthermore, when we talk about en gineering ethics, we can see that this deals with the study of moral issues that might be confronted by individuals or organizations that are engaged in engineering. These further include all the questions that were directly or indirectly related to morals, ideas, policies and characters. These ethics identify the relationships of corporations and people that are involved in all technological activities.